China confirmed on Tuesday it had reached a deal with India over their disputed frontier, without elaborating on whether the pact covered the length of the border or just points where the two sides have been involved in a standoff since 2020.

Four years ago, several soldiers from both sides were killed in a bloody melee. Any thaw between the countries could have global implications.

The roots of this longstanding issue trace back to the Colonial Era, influenced by historical events and territorial claims. Here is a timeline highlighting the key events, clashes, and diplomatic efforts made to address this complex,